抗焦虑药物的不良反应监测

MONITORING OF ADVERSE REACTIONS OF ANTIANXIETY AGENTS

①目的监测抗焦虑药物的不良反应（ＡＩＤＲ）。②方法对某医院１３８例门诊病人抗焦虑药的使用情况和不良反应随访观察半年。③结果地西泮、艾司唑仑和硝西泮等苯二氮■类药物是常用的抗焦虑药物。其不良反应表现在６个方面，以神经系统和精神活动方面为主，其次为药物依赖性和变态反应。不良反应多为轻度，中度和重度较少。５０岁以上年龄组易出现 ＡＤＲ，药物依赖性、变态反应和实验室检查男女间差异有显著性（Ｘ２＝３．９１２～４．４２３，Ｐ＜０．０５）。药物用量越大．用药时间越长，越易出现ＡＤＲ．④结论应合理使用抗焦虑药。

Objective To monitor the adverse reactions of antianxiety agents. Methods 138 outpatients were followed up for half a year on the utilization and adverse reactions of antianxiety agents. Results Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, estazolam and nitrazepam were the most common antianxiety agents for generalized;anxiety disorder. The main adverse reactions presented in 6 aspects, the first one was in nervous system and psychomotilily, the second, physical dependence and allergic reaction. Most of the adverse react ions were mild, the medium and serious were rare. Patients over 50 years old were susceptible to adverse reactions. There was no significant difference between male and female except for dependence and allergic reaction (X2= 3. 9 12-4. 423. P＜ 0. 05 ). The larger foe dose given, the longer the duration lasted. the more frequently the adverse reactions emerged. Conclusion The antianxiety agents should be used rationally.