几种气温下头颈部皮肤温度和散热率的分布与变化

Distribution and Variation of the Skin Temperature and Heat Dissipation Over Human Head and Neck at Different Ambient Temperatures

本文利用红外热图和微型热流板技术,研究了15℃～35℃五种气温下头颈部皮肤温度和散热率的分布变化及其相互关系,发现头颈部皮肤温度与散热率的分布并不完全一致,根据散热率的高低,局部皮肤可分为恒高和恒低散热区以及非恒定散热区,这些结果可供研制个体调温装备时参考。

Distributions of the skin temperature and heat dissipation rate over human head and neck at five different ambient temperatures (15℃, 20℃, 25℃>30℃, 35℃) were observed with HWX—2 Medico— Infrared—Thermo—Video and AI—200 Micro—Heat Flowmeter, and the relationship between them was also studied. It was found that the distribution of skin heat dissipation was not consistent completely with that of skin temperature owing to the differences of configurations and anatomic constitutions among the various sites and the different effects of ambient conditions on those sites. It was further demonstrated that the sites over the head and neck can be divided into constantly high (or constantly low) heat dissipation areas and nonconstant heat disspation areas according to the level of total heat dissipation rate when the evaporative heat dissipation is considered. The results have reference value in designing personal protective equipments.