四种有机离子选择性微电极的研制及应用(英文)

The Study and Application of Four Kinds of Organic Ion-Selective Microsensors

我们研制成4种对机体内重要生物活性物质(乙酰胆硷、组胺、5-羟色胺、胆酸)敏感的超微传感器-离子选择性微电极。它们对生物样品进行分析时具有快速、易行、设备简单的特点,而且响应迅速、选择性强、漂移小。电极尖端直径只有0.1μm左右,故可将2、3个不同的微型传感器组装在一起,并可将其插入活细胞内,在不严重干扰活细胞正常生理代谢的条件下,对活细胞内某些待测的离子活度做到定性、定量、定位及连续动态的记录和观察。这对机体内许多生物活性物质的定量分析极为重要,因为机体内这些生物活性物质与其相对应的水解酶经常处于一种快速的动态平衡之中,用普通单一点采样的分析方法很难精确地跟踪这一过程。离子选择性微电极能将待测细胞内某种离子的活度连续不断地转换成相应的电信号,经放大后直接输入计算机内进行分析和处理,从而实现分析过程中两个阶段一信息的转换、存贮和信息加工-处理的自动化。应用所研制的微电极研究活细胞及亚细胞水平离子的动态代谢,可在细胞水平深化对机体生理生化过程的了解,最终将为相应临床疾病的发生机理及药理学研究提供细胞水平的模型。应用乙酰胆硷选择性微电极对人体血红细胞内乙酰胆硷的活度进行了定量分析。结果显示,狂躁症患者血红细胞内乙酰胆硷/胆硷的活性约为正常值的4倍。应用对细胞内胆酸敏感的离子选择性电极,研究了胆酸和人体大肠癌的关系。结果表明,大肠癌细胞中胆酸活性约为正常大肠粘膜细胞中的4倍。

We have successfully developed four kinds of organic ion-selective microelectrodes (two barrels, tip diameter 0.1—0.5 μm) for the measurement of acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin and bile acid, and have built up physiological and pathological models on the cellular or sub-cellular level for the purpose of basic and clinical pharmacological research, treatment or diagnosis of certain diseases. We have applied the acetylcholine sensitive microelectrode to the research of acetylcholine activity in single erythrocyte of normal human subjects and patients suffering from manic depressive disorders. The bile acid selective microelectrode has been used for the direct measurement of intracellular bile acid activities both in colorectal cancer and colorectal mucosa in living condition. The construction, performance and experimental results of the four kinds of organic ion-selective microelectrodes are described.