西藏林芝地区肾综合征出血热自然疫源地血清流行病学调查

Seroepidemiological Survey on Natural Epidemic Areas of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Linzhi Areas of Tibet

目的 :查明西藏林芝地区是否存在肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)自然疫源地。方法 :选择有疫情报告地区 ,进行人间疫情调查 ;健康人群特异性抗体检测 ;在山地针、阔叶混合林及山间平原的农田和居民区 ,用夹夜法调查小兽数量 ;采集捕获动物肺、血和牛、羊血清标本 ,检测汉坦病毒感染情况。血标本用金标免疫斑点渗滤试验和间接免疫荧光法检测抗体 ;动物肺的冷冻切片用免疫荧光法检测汉坦病毒抗原。结果 :在西藏自治区卫生防疫站疫情资料中 ,有该病记载的 1976年工布江达县 1例 ,1980年林芝县 9例 ;检测林芝地区医院住院者 18人、西藏高考学生 35 7人和其他体检人员 117人血标本 ,仅从 2名林芝县、2名工布江达县、1名察隅县的高考学生和 1名住院产妇中检出抗汉坦病毒总抗体和IgG荧光抗体 ,被检人群隐性感染率为 1.2 2 %。检测中华姬鼠等脊椎动物肺 115只 ,汉坦病毒抗原阳性的中华姬鼠 1只 ,带病毒率 0 .87% ;动物血抗汉坦病毒总抗体和IgG荧光抗体皆阳性的有中华姬鼠 5只、高山田鼠 1只 ,抗体阳性率为 5 .2 2 % ;检测牛、羊 310只血清 ,其中黄牛抗汉坦病毒总抗体阳性率0 .85 % ( 1/ 118) ,绵羊总抗体和IgG抗体阳性率1.6 8% ( 3/ 179)。结论 :西藏林芝地区有HFRS散发病例 ,健康人群、中华姬鼠、高山田鼠、黄牛和绵羊?

Objective:To identify if natural epidemic areas of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 〔i. e. Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever,EHF〕 exit in Linzhi areas of Tibet. Method:Human epidemic situation investigations were selected in reported areas of HFRS; Specific antibodies were detected of health population; The number of small animals were studied in forest region, in plain farms and residential areas; Hantan virus (HV) infection were detected of blood and lung samples in captured animals and blood samples of cattle and sheep, antigens of Hantan virus were detected in lung slice with Immune Fluorescence (IF); Antibodies of HV were detected in blood samples with gold standard immune blot and indirect-IF. Results: 1 case of HFRS was reported in Gongbujiangda county in 1976,9 cases in Linzhi county in 1980; 18 hospitalized patients, 357 high school students and other 117 physical detected persons were examined, only 2 students of Linzhi county, 2 students of Gongbujiangda,1 student of Chayu county and 1 maternity were identified positive of HV antibody and antibody IgG, the recessive infection rate was 1.22 %; 1 positive of 115 detected Apodemus draco , the virus carrying rate was 0.87 %; 5 Apodemus draco , 1 Alticola argentayus positive of total antibody and IgG, positive rate of antibody was 5.22 %. The positive rate of total antibodies and IgG in cattle against HV was 0.85 %(1/118) and sheep against HV was 1.68 %(3/179) of all 310 detected blood samples. Conclusion: The fact that rare cases existed in Linzhi area of Tibet, HV infection occurred in health population, Apodemus draco and Alticola argentayus . There existed the HFRS natural epidemic areas in forest and plain farms of Linzhi areas.