苹果和梨根部的绵蚜及其防治研究

STUDY ON THE APHIDS OF THE ROOTS ON PYRUS SPP.AND MAOUS SPP. AND THEIR CONTROT

通过田间调查和人工接种，首次发现苹果根爪绵蚜是在苹果树根部为害的重要新害虫，梨九绵蚜和榆绵蚜是在梨树根部为害的重要新害虫。这３种绵蚜均营异寄主全周期生活，其原生寄主为榆，苹果根爪绵蚜的次生寄主为苹果，梨九绵蚜和榆绵蚜的次生寄主为梨。６～１０月份，这３种绵蚜以无翅侨蚜和有翅性母在果树根部为害。春季在绵蚜迁入之前，采用果园全田覆盖地膜的办法，可阻隔其入土，进而可使果树根部全年免受其为害；夏季在绵蚜为害期，采用磷化铝地下熏蒸的办法，杀虫效果明显。

This paper the first time indicate stat Aphidounguis pomiradicicola Zhang et Hu is the new important aphid infested on roots of Malus spp. Siciunguis novena Zhang et Hu and Eriosoma lauuginosum dilanuginosum (Zhang) are new important aphids on roots of Pyrus spp. fased on the artificial in aculation and field investigation. Their aphids belong to heteroceous holocycle type and Ulmus spp. are their primary hosts. The secondary hosts of Aphidounguis Pomiradicicola Zhang et Hu is Malus spp. the secondary hosts of Siciunguis novena Zhang et Hu and Eriosoma lanuginosum dilanuginosum (Zhang) are Pyrus spp. The apteraus virginogenia and alate secapara of their aphids are damaged on the root of fruit trees from June to Octomber. Acording to resultus of the experiment, in spring, the method of the covered grounds with earth films in orchard can prevent three aphids into earth and avoid their damaged to roots of fruit trees. Before the aphids damaged in summer, during the damage of aphids the method of fumigated under. the ground using the Aluminium Phosphide (ALP) has the distinaty effeet.