复层农田林网空间结构的景观生态学分析

LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL ANALYSES ON THE SPACIAL STRUCTURE OF SHELTERBELTS

应用景观生态学的基本原理,对复层农田林网的基本特征进行了分析,建立了林带垂直面上景观生态格局变化动态模型,预测了景观格局逐年变化的情况。在复层林网中,景观的多样性比单层林网有较大的提高,均匀性有所降低,但植物体在空间中所占优势度逐年提高。表明复层林网使得景观的复杂性提高,破碎度增大,为生物种群提供了多样的生态环境,系统中生物、养分、能量被充分地循环利用。

Landscape ecological analyses on the spacial structure of shelterbelts were carried out in this paper, and the mathematical models of landscape ecological distribution of the vertical profile of a belt were established to predict the annual changes of the distribution. It showed that the landscape diversity in a compound-shelterbelt increased a lot more than that in a mono-shelterbelt, the eveness decreased; but the dominance of the plants would increase annually. These changes would increase the complicacy and fragmentation of the landscape in this region, provide more kinds of ecological environments for biology, and result in a more effective ecological system which would make the nutrient elements and energy fully being circulated.