图象模糊边缘检测的改进算法

An Improved Algorithm of Edge Detection Based on Fuzzy Sets

图象的边缘检测技术是图象处理中最重要的内容之一 ,且已在图象分析和识别领域中得到了广泛的应用 .针对图象边缘由模糊性引起的不确定性问题 ,提出了一种图象模糊边缘检测的改进算法 .该算法是首先确定一个阈值参数 ,然后根据此阈值参数来定义一个新的隶属函数 ,从而将图象转化为等效的图象模糊特征平面 ,通过在模糊特征平面上进行增强运算 ,将其转换为空域图象 ,最后再进行边缘提取 ;同时还对具有多峰直方图分布图象的模糊边缘检测方法进行了推广 .仿真结果表明 ,该算法是有效的 .

Edge detection is one of the most important techniques in image processing, it is often used in the field of image analysis and image recognition for many applications. Pan and King firstly presented an algorithm of edge detection based on fuzzy sets, this algorithm has been found for many successful applications in the area of pattern recognition and medical image procesing. In this paper, an improved algorithm of edge detection proposed by Pal and King is presented, and the approach of edge detection is also developed to be an automatic one. The steps of this approach can be summarized as follows:firstly, a threshold is selected in an image by using an automatic algorithm of thresholding; secondly, in order to extract the fuzzy property plane from the spatial domain, a new membership function based on the threshold is defined; thirdly, image enhancement is performed in the fuzzy domain by using fuzzy enhancement operator; then, the modified spatial domain is obtained; finally, the edge detection is executed using min or max operators. This algorithm is also extended to the edge detection of the multi-thresholds image. The effectiveness of the algorithm is experimentally demonstrated.