武汉东湖磷细菌种群结构的研究

POPULATION STRUCTURE OF THE PHOSPHATE DISSOLVING BACTERIA IN DONGHU LAKE, WUHAN

对东湖磷细菌种群结构研究结果表明,至少有芽孢杆菌属、微球菌属、不动细菌属、气单胞菌属、产碱杆菌属、贝内克氏菌属、无色杆菌属、短杆菌属、肠杆菌属、黄杆菌属、微杆菌属、假单胞菌属、沙雷氏菌属、黄单胞菌属和发酵单胞菌属15个属的不同菌株以其对有机磷、无机磷化合物的分解能力推动着湖泊中磷的循环。其中以芽孢杆菌属和微球菌属居于明显的优势。磷细菌在湖泊中的分布随水质的污染程度和磷化合物含量的不同而表现有明显的差别:在数量上,湖泥高于湖水,污染较重的Ⅰ站高于水质较好的Ⅱ站,在调查期间,有机磷细菌数在多数情况下亦高于无机磷细菌;在种群结构上,Ⅰ站湖水中种类最多,Ⅲ站次之,Ⅱ站最少。

The population structure of the phosphate dissolving bacteria (PDB) in the Donghu Lake was studied. 66 PDB strains, including 27 strains of organic phosphate dissolving bacteria (OPB), 23 strains of inorganic phosphate dissolving bacteria (IPB) and 16 strains with both functions, were isolated from Stations Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ of the Donghu Lake. According to their morphological, physiological and biochemcal properties, they should belong to 15 bacterial genera, namely: Bacillus, Micrococcus, Aeromonas, Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Brevibactcrium , Beneckea, Enterobacter, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Serratia. Xanthomonas, and Zymomonas, apart from 3 unidentified strains.The species composition of PDB in the 3 sampling stations was quite different. 11 genera were isolated from Station Ⅰ, 8 genera from Station Ⅲ, and only 3 genera were found from Station Ⅱ. Bacillus and Micrococcus are the dominant genera of PDB in this lake.The amount, species composition and distribution of PDB vary with the degree of pollution and the content of phosphate compounds in the water column and the bottom deposit. There are much more PDB in sediments than in water columns The polluted Station Ⅰ contains more PDB. In most cases the number of OPB overrun that of IPB.