蛭弧菌的分离培养及其对病原菌噬菌作用的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of Separation, Culture and Bdellovibriophagy of Bdellovibrio

用来源于猪、鸡、羊和人的病原菌为宿主,从河水、土壤中分离到12株噬菌蛭弧菌。它们的特性为:绝大部分菌株接种营养琼脂不形成菌落,在含有宿主菌的自来水琼脂平板上形成无菌落生长的透明噬斑,最适温度为25—37℃,可使含有浓厚的宿主菌的自来水悬液数日内裂解澄清。其形态为弧瓜形或杆形,大小为1.0～7.5×0.25～0.8μm,端生一根长鞭毛,有的鞭毛包被鞘膜。其宿主范围较广,可裂解多种G^-菌,如:鸡白痢沙门氏菌。猪霍乱沙门氏菌、羔羊大肠杆菌、弗氏志贺氏菌、宋内氏志贺氏菌、鲍氏志贺氏菌;鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、伤寒沙门氏菌以及变形杆菌等,但均不裂解猪丹毒杆菌、猪巴氏杆菌及枯草杆菌。动物试验初步表明,有的蛭弧菌株对雏鸡白痢有缓解症状及延长病鸡生命的作用。

Twelve strains of Bdellovibrio bacteriovoruses were seperated from river water and earth at the host out of the pathogen of pigs, chickens and human beings.Properties of the bacteria showed that most part of the nutritional agar inoculated did not form colony and lacuna of the dis-colony growing was formed on the agar plate of the tap water that contains host bacteria.When fittest temperature is 25 to 27℃,the liquid suspended by the tap water that densed host bacteria was split and cleared at a few of dayss.lts form is arc and rod,withits size of 1.0-7.5×0.25- 0.8um and its end growing a flagellum.The range of hosts of Bdellovibrio got wider,and bdellovibrio was split into many kinds Gram-negative bacteria such as salmonella choleraesuis,Escherichia,Balmonella pullora, Shigella flexneri,Shigella sonnei,Shigella boydii,Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium and Proteus and so on,but can not split into Ery sipeiothrix rhusiopathiae,Pasteurella suilla and Hay infusion bacteris. The animal test initially shows that some bdellovibrio plants have the effects of easing up the symptom of the Pullorosis and of extending the life of the sick chicken.