秸秆直接还田的土壤生物学效应

The Effect of Direct Straw Application on Soil Organisms

在冀中山麓平原区小麦——玉米一年两熟的集约种植情况下,采用裂区设计研究了秸秆直接还田配施氮、磷化肥的土壤生物学效应。通过3年的定位试验研究,初步认为,秸秆还田明显增强了土壤的生物活性。秸秆还田后土壤酶活性,特别是转化酶活性明显提高,且土壤酶活性的大小与土壤速效性养分含量有极为密切的相关性。秸秆直接还田后还刺激了土壤微生物特别是细菌的大量繁殖,从而促进了土壤中新鲜有机物质的矿化腐解和养分的释放。

Under the intensive cultivation of wheat and corn a year on th plain of the foot of mountains in the middle of Hebei province, The effects of direct straw application with N,P fertilizers on soil organisms was resenrched with the split-plot design.By the research of fixed experiment position for nearly three years,this paper elemently demonstrated:Straw application strengthened the activity of organisms in soil.After straw application,the activity of soil enzyme,especially invertase,appeared obvious high,and the activities of soil enzyme had a very close relation with the contents of quick-acting nutrients in soil.Straw application also stimulated the reproducetion of soil organisms,eapecially bacteria,then promoteed the decomposition of the fresh organic matter into soil and released the nutrients in the straw.