苹果砧木离体培养快速繁殖的研究

Studies on the Rapid Propagation of Apple Rootstock

试验选取苹果砧木难咽(M.micromalus Mak.)为试材,以快速繁殖为目的,对影响外植体建立、新梢增殖、生根及试管苗移栽的各个因素进行了研究。结果表明,外植体接种最适期为4-6月;最佳继代培养基为MS+BA0.5～1.0ppm+NAAO.05ppm+CH200ppm+蔗糖40g/1+琼脂6～8g/1;继代培养的最佳间隔时间是23～28d;取继代8次以上的试管苗嫩茎接种于1/2MS+IBA0.5ppm+蔗糖25g/1+琼脂6g/1的生根培养基上,生根率达90％以上;试管苗根系有根毛,移栽成活率85％,这对大量繁殖苗木具有应用价值。

In search of a technique for rapid clonal propagation, an apple rootstock Midget crabapple (M.micromalus) was used to study the factors affecting explant establishment, multiplication, root initiation and transplant. The results were as follows: 1. The best time of inoculation is from April to June. 2. The best subculture medium is Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium sup- plemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) 0.5-1.0ppm, naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) 0.5ppm, sucrose 40g/1, agar 6-8g/1 and casein hydrolysate (CH) 200mg/1. The best interval time of subculture is 23~28 days. 3. The rooting ability of microcutting has correlation with numlers of subcultures and brand and concentration of auxin, when the microcutt- ings of subculture are more than eight numbers cultured on 1/2 MS containing indolebutyrie acid (IBA)0.5ppm, sucrose 25g/1 and agar 6g/1, the rooting result is desirable. 4. The root of plantlets in vitro has root-hair and the highest survival percentage of transplanting is 85%.