滇中高原山地人工群落径流规律的研究

Law of Runoff Yield of Man-made Plant Community in Mountain of Central Yunnan Plateau

基于连续 3年的观测 ,研究了华山松人工群落的径流特征 ,分析结果表明 :区域降水量的季节分配不均 ,湿季 (6～ 10月 )降水量占全年的 80 % ,降水量主要由大于 10 mm以上的降雨带来 ,且降雨强度大部分小于 5 .0mm/ h;径流量月变化趋势与降雨量相似 ,具有较好的相关性 ;一次性降雨对地表径流的影响显著 (R =0 .91) ,一次性“最大可能”地表径流产流的降雨临界值为 2 2 .3mm。地表径流与地下径流分别占总径流量的 0 .5 8%和99.42 % ,林地具有显著的涵养水源作用。

Based on 3-year continuous observations, the runoff characteristics of Pinus armandii man made plant community are researched, and the results are listed as follows: The season distribution of precipitation in the area is uneven, the rainfall of wet season (from Jun. to Oct.) accounts for 80% of yearly gross, the precipitation is mainly brought by rainfall with more than 10mm, and most of the rainfall intensities are less than 5.0mm/h. Monthly change tendency of runoff is similar to precipitation, and the relativity is preferable. The single rainfall obviously affect surface runoff (R=0.91), the critical single rainfall yielding surface runoff is 22.3mm. The surface runoff and subsurface runoff respectively account for 0.58% and 99.42% of total runoff, and the forest has obvious function of protecting water resources.