红壤丘陵区不同种草模式的水土保持效果与生态环境效应

Effects of Different Forage Planting Model on Soil and Water Conservation and Environments in Red Hilly Regions

研究探讨了红壤丘陵区将牧草纳入不同利用方式后的水土保持效果及对生态环境的影响。 3年的试验结果表明 :种植牧草能明显地减少径流量和泥沙量 ,截留雨水 ,提高土壤水分含量 ,降低高温干旱期地表温度 ,提高土壤有机质含量 ,培肥土壤。然而 ,梯田果园区种植暖季型禾本科牧草将在高温干旱期影响果树生长 ,果园牧草应以根系浅的豆科牧草罗顿豆或夏季枯死的冷季型牧草为主。在梯田作物区的梯边上种植牧草不仅没有产生明显的水土保持效果 ,而且引起牧草和作物竞争而减产 ,因而不宜提倡。

The influence of different forage planting model in red soil hills on soil and water conservation and environments was studied. The results with three years research showed that planting forage could reduce significantly runoff and soil loss, intercept rain water, enhance soil moisture content, decrease soil surface temperature in hot period, enhance soil organic matter content thus improve soil fertility. However, planting warm season grass in terraced orchard will affect fruit growth in hot and dry season. Forages in orchard should be legume species with shallow root system such as Lotononis or cool season species that is dormant in summer. Planting forage on terrace ridge of crop plot had little effect on controlling soil and water loss, contrarily it resulted in competition with crop and reduced area planted crop thus reduced yield, so it is not befitting.