黄华属植物叶表皮特征及其生物学意义

Epidermal Characters of Leaves in Thermopsis and Thier Biological Significances

在光学显微镜下观察披针叶黄华复合体、高山黄华复合体及黄华属其它种的叶表皮特征。结果表明 ,表皮细胞形状、垂周壁式样及气孔器类型具有重要的分类学意义。表皮细胞形状为多边型和不规则型 ,垂周壁式样为平直或具波纹。黄华属植物除新疆黄华 ,之字枝黄华 ,东亚黄华 ,柔毛黄华上表皮无气孔外 ,其余的上下表皮均具气孔 ,气孔器类型多为不规则型 ,只有紫花黄华为不等细胞型 ,有些无规则型中稍混有不等细胞型。笔者认为气孔器类型对划分属内种上等级具有一定价值。对披针叶黄华复合体、高山黄华复合体和黄华属不同种间气孔指数方差分析结果表明 ,气孔指数在居群水平及不同种间变化差异极显著 。

In this paper,epidermal characters of leaves in the Thermopsis lupinoides complex,the T.alpina complex and other species of Thermopsis were observed under light microscope.We found that the shape of the epidermal cells,the pattern of anticlinal walls and the types of stomatal apparatuses have much taxonomic importance within the genus.Epidermal cells of Thermopsis are polygonal or irregular;anticlinal walls of the epidermal cells are sinuate,sinuolate or straight.Both the upper and lower epidermical layers usually have stomata,except for the upper epidermis in T.turkestanica,T.gracilis,T.lupinoides,T.mollis. The stomatal apparatuses in the genus are mostly irregular(sometimes mixed with the anisocytic ones),and those of only one species T.barbata is always anisocytic.The result of ANOVA indicated the stomatal indices of Thermopsis vary significantly either at population or species level.The stomatal index and size are mainly influenced by the environmental factors.