玉米不育胞质杂交种雄花育性恢复稳定性的研究 Ⅰ恢复性与质核遗传背景的关系

Research on Stability of Male Fertile Restoration of Corn Hybrids With Sterile Cytoplasms Ⅱ.Restorability Relationship to Genetic Backgrounds

用C、T、S 胞质群的8个不育系及5个恢复系组成可能的24个杂交组合,两年多点分期播种观察花粉育性,结果表明:1)胞质群间,群内组合间的恢复性都存在极显著差异;2)不育胞质杂交种育性恢复主要由恢复系的恢复基因所决定,不同质核背景杂交种的恢复性各异,对环境的反应不尽相同,恢复性越高稳定性越好,恶劣的气候条件会严重影响恢复性的表达;3)在C、E 和S 型中,E 型胞质具有较高的恢复性和稳定性,S 型较差。

Twenty—Four Corn Hybrids,selected from the crosses between 8CMS lines and 5 restoring lines with C,T and S—type cytoplasms,wereplanted in 4 planting—date at each of 3 locations in 1988 and 1989.The re-sults of pollen fertility observed are as follows:1)High significant differe-nces exist in restorer fertility within cytoplasmic groups,crosses in each gr-oup.2)The restoration of fertility for CMS hybrids is mainly determined bythe restoring gene(s)from restoring lines.The fertility of hybrids varieswith their genetic backgrounds and environments.Generally,the higher therestorability,the better the stability,while extreamly harsh climate may ser-iously affect the expression of fertile gene(s).3)E—type cytpplasm has wi-de prospects in production;S—type is the poorest.