我国南方食用菌原料林培育研究进展

Advances in Cultivation of Mushroom wood Plantation in South China

香菇等食用菌在我国具有近千年的栽培历史 ,是山区经济发展的重要产业。食用菌原料林的培育对于以阔叶树为原料的食用菌产业持续发展意义重大。本文重点对食用菌原料林树种的优选、人促更新定向培育、主要原料林树种的丰产栽培以及其采种基地建设等进行述评。根据食用菌原料林培育研究现状和存在问题 ,提出进一步发展的技术对策和今后的研究重点 ,包括主要原料林树种的良种选育和扩繁技术、育苗技术、松杉林冠下造林技术和多种食用菌原料林树种混植技术、二代食用菌原料林的萌芽更新技术等。

It was proved that there were long history over one thousand years for cultivation of edible fungi such as Xianggu mushroom (Lentinus edodes) in China. And now edible fungi production has become a leading industry of rural economic development in mountainous regions. It is very important to sustain the production of broad leaved wood inhabiting edible fungi to cultivate largely mushroom wood plantation. This paper is a review about the advances in mushroom wood species selection, oriented cultivation of mushroom wood plantation by promoting natural regeneration, high yield cultivation and establishment of seed stand of main mushroom wood species in south China. In view of research status and problems in cultivation of mushroom wood plantation, the paper put forward the corresponding technique countermeasures and future research emphasis, including selection breeding, propagation and seedling culture of main mushroom wood species, planting under Chinese fir and masson pine forest, interplanting between mushroom wood species, sprout regeneration of mushroom wood plantation, etc.