地下水观测网的若干问题与基于信息熵的研究方法

SOME CONFUSIONS IN GROUNDWATER MONITORING NETWORK AND THE ENTROPY METHOD

观测站点分布的任意性、随意性和层次不清以及观测数据的冗余性等是中国地下水观测网普遍存在的问题 ,这些问题制约着观测网提供可靠和有效数据信息的能力。文章以河北平原地下水观测网为例 ,分析了观测网几个问题的表现和原因 ,并对国内外观测网优化设计的指导思想、技术方法的现状和进展作了简要介绍。在参考大量国内外研究成果的基础上 ,主要介绍了基于信息熵原理研究观测网优化设计的方法 ,包括基本概念、原理和解决观测孔层次分类、信息冗余以及空间优化布局的技术思想。笔者认为 ,信息熵方法是一种能够评价地下水观测网信息 (而不是数据 )收集能力和优化观测网布局的很具发展潜力的技术方法。

Random,Redundancy and confusion of some monitoring points in groundwater system are widely found, which have seriously limited the abilities of network to provide reliable and efficient information of groundwater. In this article, some examples have been taken from Hebei Plain, where the groundwater is main water supply, to demonstrate these problems with monitoring networks and find the reasons. Based on a large number of research references, the introduction of some principles of methods used for monitoring design is given. The focus is on the concepts, principles and technique of entropy, which is considered as a great potential approach well suited for monitoring networks redesign and optimizing.