含流体多孔介质的BISQ模型

BISQ model for fluid-filled, porous medium

ＢＩＯＴ流动和喷射流动是含流体多孔隙介质中固一流相互作用的两种重要力学机制，它们作为一个耦合过程同时对声波或弹性波的衰减和频散产生影响。传统方法将这两种力学机制分开、单独处理，并建立了基于宏观描述的ＢＩＯＴ理论和基于单个孔隙结构的喷射流动理论，这些理论在实际应用中暴露出很大的局限性。Ｄｖｏｒｋｉｎ和Ｎｕｒ（１９９３）将ＢＩＯＴ流动机制和喷射流动机制综合起来，提出了统一的ＢＩＳＱ模型［１］，这种ＢＩＳＱ模型将基于微观水平的喷射流动机制与固体和流体宏观性质联系起来，建立了弹性波相速度和衰减与固相弹性常数、孔隙率、渗透率、饱和度、流体黏滞度、压缩性、频率以及特征喷射流动参数等之间的关系。对 ＢＩＳＱ模型的综合研究表明：ＢＩＳＱ模型中的喷射流动机制是造成弹性波强衰减、高频散的主要原因；ＢＩＳＱ模型能更真实地预测波的衰减和频散，在采油动态监控和拾取渗透率等各向异性参数方面具有巨大的应用潜力，值得作进一步的研究和开发。

BIOT flow and jet flow are two important mechanical mechanism of solid-fluid interaction in fluid-filled, porous medium and are collective effect on attenuation and dispersion of sonic or elastic waves as a coupling process. Putting these two kind of mechanical mechanism to separate and process independently and building separately BIOT theory based on macro-description and jet flow theory based on individual porous structure in traditional approach, there is strong limitation in real application of these theories. Putting BlOT flow mechanism and jet flow mechanism to process simultaneously, Dvorkin and Nur proposed a united BISQ model which related microscopic jet flow mechanism with macroscopic characters of solid and fluid and built relations between phase velocity and attenuation of elastic wave and elastic constant of solid phase, porosity, permeability, saturation, flow viscosity, compressibility, frequency and characteristic jet flow parameters etc. A series of study of BISQ model shows that the jet flow mechanism is main reason for causing strong attenuation and strong dispersion of elastic wave. BISQ model can more truly predict attenuation and dispersion of waves and has great applied potential in aspect of dynamic improving oil recovery control and picking up anisotropic parameters such as permeability etc. Therefore, it is worth further studying and development.