肝脏磁共振造影剂的种类及临床应用

Liver MR Contrast Agents:Classiflcations and Clinical Applications

肝脏MR造影剂分为 4大类:(1)分布于细胞外间降或间质间隙的,如Gd DTPA;(2)分布于网状内皮细胞系统或巨噬细胞 单核细胞吞噬细胞系统的,如SPIO;(3)肝细胞选择性的,如Mn-DPDP,Gd—BOPTA,Gd-EOB-DTPA;(4)血管内或血池性MR造影剂,如USPIO,AMI-227。本文详细介绍了上述4类肝脏MR造影剂的构成、作用机制、临床应用及影像特点,并介绍了肝脏MR造影剂今后发展的方向。

Liver MR contrast agents generally can be classified into 4 major groups based on their biodistribution within the liver. a. Agents that are preferentially distributed in the extracellular space of the liver, such as gadolinium-DTPA; b. Agents that are selectively uptaken by the reticuloendothelial celis of the liver, e.g. superpararnagnetic iron oxide (SPIO); c. Agents that can specifically uptaken by functioning hepatocytes and excreted in bile, such as Magafodirpir trisodium (Mn-DPDP); d. Agents that remain exclusively within the vascular space of the liver, also known as blood-pool agents, such as Ultrasmall SPIO. The article reviews the chemical compositions, pharmacokinetic properties, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications of these MR contrast agents for the liver.