抽油泵泵阀刺漏机理研究与对策

Mechanism of leakage of deep well pump valves and countermeasures.

抽油泵泵阀刺漏是造成胡庆区块油田抽油井检泵的主要因素。为此 ,分析了泵阀刺漏的内在影响因素 ,即泵阀加工工艺技术和材质 ,并结合油田实际 ,分析了液击、气蚀、出砂和腐蚀对泵阀刺漏的外在影响因素 ,阐明了这些因素的影响机理。针对胡庆区块油田的自身特点 ,采取了相应的预防泵阀刺漏的对策 :一般井用碳化钨钢结硬质合金阀座代替 6Cr18Mo阀座 ,高液量井应用双固定阀 ,出砂井采取相应的挡砂、排砂、沉砂、抑砂和固砂措施 ,优化抽油井工作制度和向井筒投加缓蚀剂等 。

Many deep well pumps were overhauled owing to the leakage of the pump valves. The internal factors of the pump valve leakage, i.e. the machining process and material quality, are analyzed. And the external factors, such as liquid hammer, cavitation, sanding and corrosion, are discussed. The mechanism of these affecting factors is expounded. The countermeasures for the pump valve leakage include using tungsten carbide alloy ball seat insteed of 6Cr18Mo ball seat, applying double standing valves in the production of high yielding wells, adopting sand control measures for sand well production, and adding corrosion inhibitors into the producing wells.