双轴速率陀螺仪工作原理探讨

DISCUSSION ON OPERATION PRINCIPLE OF BIAXIAL RATE GYROSCOPE

双轴速率陀螺仪是一种新型的采用空间惯性导向技术的连续测量系统。它通过测量地球的旋转速率、重立场和传感器的工作状态来计算井眼的位置。根据井斜角的不同，该系统可在两种方式下工作，即陀螺罗盘测量技术和连续测量模式。陀螺罗盘测量技术是用来测量接近垂直井段井眼位置的，是通过静止地测量重力场和地球转速的分量来确定井斜角和方位角的，连续测量模式是用来测量大斜度井段井眼方向的，它通过在运动中测量井斜角和方位角的变化率确定井斜角和方位角。为了加快双轴速率陀螺仪在钻井工程中的更好应用，本文对该型陀螺仪的工作原理进行了探索，并根据理论力学和解析几何知识推导了两种方式下工作的解析数学模型。

Biaxial rate gyroscope is a new continuous measurement system using spatial inertia steering technique.It works out the hole location by measuring the earth's rotary rate,gravity field and working status of transducers.Because of different deviation angles,the system may work in two modes-gyrocompass measuring mode and continuous measuring mode.Gyrocompass measuring technique is used to measure the location of the near-verticle section.It can determine deviation angle and azimuth by measuring statically gravity field and component of earth rotary speed.Continuous measurement mode is used to measure the direction of high-angle section.It can determine deviation angle and azimuth by measuring in motion the change rates of deviation angle and azimuth.Based on theoretical mechanics and analytic geometry,analytic mathematical models of biaxial rate gyroscope in two operation modes are deduced.