箱装发射药堆的温度变化规律及其安全性分析

Analysis of the temperature variation and the safety of ammunition stored in a stack of cases

为研究箱装发射药堆中发射药的温度、发射药的安全性及其所含有的能量随时间的变化规律 ,采用求解原始变量的通用计算程序 PHOENICS(1.4版本 )并结合“虚拟密度法”,对具有多个离散内热源的非稳态导热与自然对流换热的耦合传热过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明 ,当散热通风条件比较好、环境温度和初始温度较低 (≤ 5 0℃ )时 ,在经历 5 0年后发射药不会发生热自燃 ,发射药所含有的能量足够高 ;而当环境温度和初始温度比较高 (如 :12 0℃ )时 ,发射药很快就会发生热自燃 ;在绝热边界条件下 ,即使在初始温度、环境温度及环境中空气的温度都较低的情况下 。

The aim is to investigate the temperature variation, the self ignition hazard and the energy content in the ammunition. The conjugate heat transfer analysis of the transient thermal conduction and the natural convection in a stack of cases with ammunition №1 or №2, which are modeled as temperature dependent heat sources, were simulated numerically using PHOENICS(Version 1.4) and the false density method. It was found that with reasonable heat transfer conditions at the boundary and relatively low initial and boundary temperatures(≤50℃), the ammunition did not self ignite within the 50 years time period used for the analysis. If the initial and boundary temperatures were high (120℃), the ammunition will self ignite within about 1 h. If the heat transfer conditions on the boundary were very bad, e.g., thermally isolated boundary conditions, the ammunition self ignited at relatively low initial and boundary temperatures within the stipulated 50 years period.