达乌尔鼠兔和高原鼠兔行为特征的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Behaviour Between Ochotona daurica and Ochotona Curzoniae in the Sympatric Coexistence

对同域重叠分布的达乌尔鼠兔 (Ochotonadaurica)和高原鼠兔 (O .curzoniae)的行为活动 ,尤其是社会行为作了比较研究 .描述行为 2 3种 .达乌尔鼠兔非社会行为占所有行为的 96 % ,高原鼠兔占 87% ;达乌尔鼠兔的社会行为仅占所有行为活动的 4 % ,高原鼠兔占 13% .高原鼠兔个体间的亲昵和戏耍行为明显多于达乌尔鼠兔 ,达乌尔鼠兔种群内排它性行为明显多于高原鼠兔 .

The sympatric coexistence of Ochotona curzoniae and O.daurica was found at Niannosoma area of Gangcha county, Qinghai province (is located 37°10'N. 49°40'E). In this area, we observed the behaviors of two pika species, and carried on a comparative study. 23 kinds of pika's behavior were described including 9 non-social behaviors and 14 social behaviors.For non-social behavior, the pattern of alert behavior of two pika species was different. O.daurica has hoarding behavior. O.curzoniae has mowing behavior ,this is different from those that lives in non-sympatric co-existent areasNon-social behavior of O.daurica comprised 95.85% of the all observed behaviors, non-social behavior of O.curzoniae comprised 87.41%, the frequency of non- social behavior was significant difference between two pika species (X2=7.06,X2>X2 0.01). Feeding is the most common non-social behavior in two pika species. The second is alert behavior. O.curzoniae spent more time in alerting, and O.daurica spent more time in feedingSocial behavior of O.daurica comprised 4.14% of the all observed behaviors, O.curzoniae's social behavior comprised 12.59% of the all observed behaviors. There was significant difference on the frequency of social behavior between two pika species(X2=87.7,X2>X2 0.01). O.curzoniae spent more time in social relation of interspeciesIn social behavior, affiliative behavior of O.curzoniae is the most common social behavior,it comprised 74.78% of the all observed social behaviors, the second is play-like behavior, the least is aggressive behavior,it comprised 9.90%. On the contrary,aggressive behavior of O.daurica is the most common social behavior, it comprised 60.81% of the all observed social behaviors, the second is affiliative behavior,play-behavior is the least ,it comprised 5.41%. O.curzoniae is more social than O.daurica, the social degree of O.curzoniae was higher than that of O.daurica, the attack character of individual in O.daurica population was stronger than that in O.curzoniae population