中国黄土地层Rb和Sr地球化学特征及其古季风气候意义

Rb and Sr Geochemical Characterization of the Chinese Loess and Its Implications for Palaeomonsoon Climate

本文详细研究了陕西洛川黄土剖面中Rb,Sr的含量变化及其在不同粒级与不同相态中的分布特征。结果表明Rb在粘粒中含量高,基本只存在于残留态中,而Sr则主要分布于砂和粉砂粒级中,并以残留态与碳酸盐结合态为主要赋存相态,因此黄土和古土壤中Rb、Sr含量的差异应与冬季风驱动的粒度分选作用引起的物质组成变化及夏季风驱动的风化成壤强度密切相关。Rb/Sr值变化实际上反映了东亚季风系统的两个相互消长因子——冬季风与夏季风在轨道时间尺度上的循环交互特征。洛川剖面2.6Ma以来Sr含量总体演化趋势与北半球冰量变化模式的相似性验证了高纬度冰盖生长与东亚季风强度之间存在着耦合关系,而Rb含量与磁化率之间极佳的正相关关系为今后用Rb来评估成壤作用对磁化率的贡献成为可能。

Concentrations and distributions of Rb and Sr in loess and palaeosol samples from the Luochuan profile have been studied, in grain-size fractions and chemical forms. Results show that Rb is quite rich in the fraction of less than 2 μm and exits only in the residual phase, while Sr is distributed in sand and silt fractions, occurring in the residual and carbonate phases. Therefore, variations of the concentrations of Rb and Sr in loess and palaeosols are closely related not only to dustfall compositions depending on winter monsoon wind strength but also to summer monsoon-induced pedogenic intensity. This indicates that variations of Rb/Sr ratio in Chinese loess sequences represent cyclic alternations of East Asian summer and winter monsoon climates on the orbital time-scale. Variations in Sr concentrations along the sequence bear a high similarity to the oxygen isotope record of the deep sea sediments over the past 2. 5 Ma, whereas variations in Rb concentrations are in good agreement with the record of magnetic susceptibility determined with the duplicated samples from the same profile. This suggests that (1) the high-latitude ice volume is responsible for East Asian monsoon variations and (2) the signal of magnetic susceptibility depends dominantly on pedogenesis in Chinese loess sequences.