海洋碳循环模式(Ⅱ)──对印度洋的模拟结果分析

An Ocean Carbon Cycle Model Part Ⅱ: Simulation Analysis on the Indian Ocean

把建好的海洋碳模式应用于印度洋区域，模拟得到了印度洋中与碳有关各化学量的表层分布、垂直分布和沿子午线面的等值线分布。与实测的ＧＥＯＳＥＣＳ（ＧｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌＯｃｅａｎ—Ｓｅｃｔｉｎｎ Ｓｔｕｄｙ）数据作对比，模式较好地再现了印度洋上营养盐浓度、总碳浓度、总碱度和溶解氧的二维分布。通过模拟还发现，在稳定状态下，大气和海洋中总碳含量的分布依赖于发生在海洋中的各种物理化学过程及边界条件，水平扩散系数Ｋｈ和光合作用常数率Ｋｇ对各化学量的分布有较大影响（以前有学者认为不太重要，如 Ｂａｅｓ［１］）；南印度洋中纬地区 １０°Ｓ至 ３０°Ｓ是１４Ｃ的重要向下渗透区域，人为排放的ＣＯ２可通过这片渗透区从海洋的表层输入海洋的深层。

The built carbon cycle model had been used to simulate the surface distributions, vertical distributions and the isogram distributions along the meridian of various chemical species in the Indian Ocean. It showed that the model could yield a reasonable simulation results of ocean traces such as total dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, nutrient, dissolved oxygen and isotopes 14C by comparing with observed distributions of GEOSECS. It also found that the stead state distribution of total carbon between the ocean and atmosphere are depend on the various chemical, physical processes and boundary conditions of the model; the ocean tracer distribution are also sensitive to horizon diffusion coefficient Kh and photochemical action constant rate Kg which is different from the work of Baes (1985); the middle-latitude region of the Indian Ocean (10- 30°S) is a very important downward penetrating zone which is let the excess CO2 emission from human being to transport from the ocean surface to the deep ocean.