小麦谷蛋白亚基基因的PCR鉴定及其在品质改良中的应用

Identification of Glutenin Subunit Genes by PCR and Its Application to Wheat Quality Improvement

小麦谷蛋白是胚乳中的主要贮藏蛋白 ,对面包品质具有重要作用。因此 ,改变品种的谷蛋白等位基因组成是品质改良的主要内容 ,而谷蛋白亚基基因的选择手段是决定品质育种成效的关键。本文介绍了近年来发展起来的小麦谷蛋白亚基基因PCR分子鉴定技术 ,通过与传统SDS PAGE方法的比较 ,总结了PCR技术应用于谷蛋白基因鉴定和品质改良计划的优越性及其研究进展 ,并讨论了分子标记技术在小麦品质改良计划中的应用前景及今后的研究方向。

Glutenins are major storage proteins in wheat endosperm and they have important role in determining bread making quality.Therefore,improvement of allelic gene composition of glutenin proteins is the main task for wheat quality breeding.The key factor influencing quality breeding efficiency is screening methods for glutenin subunit genes in the hybrid generations.This paper has introduced PCR technique for identifying glutenin subunit genes developed in recent years.By comparison with tradiational SDS PAGE method,the advantages of PCR identification of glutenin genes in wheat quality improvement and its research advances have been reviewed.Finally,the prospect of molecular marker techniques used in quality improvement projects of wheat and its research direction in the future have been discussed.