甲烷低温催化直接合成乙酸的新途径

A NEW ROUTE TO DIRECT CATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF ACETIC ACID FROM METHANE BY A LOW-TEMPERATURE REACTION

对甲烷经合成气路线间接制乙酸的现状及在温和条件下直接转化制乙酸的研究进展作了述评，通过对间接与直接路线的比较，以及在直线路线中，甲烷低温氧化羰化和直接羧化制乙酸均相与非均相催化体系的分析，指出了CH4－CO2低温直接合成乙酸在工艺过程上的显著优势，尤其是采用非均相催化体系。该工艺为乙酸合成和CH4与CO2的绿色化学利用开辟了新途径，其研究将会丰富C1化学化工的理论与实践，并为实现热力学不利反应提供实验方法和理论依据。

The selective conversion of methane to more useful target products such as acetic acid would be far more attractive. The classical utilization and recent research for methane conversion to acetic acid by both the indirect route involved multi step process through syngas stage and the direct one avoided syngas production were reviewed in this paper. Technology comparison and results analysis of the indirect route with the direct one, and of homogeneous catalyst systems with heterogeneous ones employed in oxidative carbonylation or carboxylation of methane to synthesize acetic acid directly led to such a suggestion as follows. That is, an environmentally benign route to direct synthesis of acetic acid from inexpensive feedstocks methane and carbon dioxide, in particular, using solid, heterogeneous catalysts at low temperature has its remarkable significance in view of energy, environment and economy. The further research will enrich the theory and practice of green C 1 chemistry and performance of thermodynamically unfavo rable reactions.\;