上海市城乡结合部流动人口中已婚育龄妇女的婚育状况研究

Study on the Marital and Parity Status Among Married Female Migrants of Childbearing Age in the Outskirts of Shanghai Municipality.

为了解上海市城乡结合部流动人口中已婚育龄妇女的婚育状况,于1996年11月开始,采用结构式问卷,对1067人进行调查。结果发现:上海城乡结合部已婚育龄流动妇女:①年龄相对较轻,大多处于生育旺盛期;②文化程度较低,小学及以下占70.9％;③96％来自农村,来沪主要是劳务(66％)。④经济状况较差,56％的家庭年收入在5000～10000元之间;⑤平均初婚年龄较低(21.4岁),婚姻基础主要为自由恋爱和经人介绍;⑥平均理想子女数为1.87,且对子女性别的偏爱比较明显;⑦人均子女数1.58个;⑧在调查时点,外来已婚育龄妇女的避孕率为87％,明显高于来沪时(52.9％)。在所用的避孕方法中,宫内节育器的使用比例最高(53.1％),其次是女性绝育(37.1％),其他方法不足10％。提示应拓宽对流动人口计划生育服务的领域,加强宣传教育及强化综合治理。

To inquire into the marriage and parity status among married female migrants of child-bearing age in the outskirts of Shanghai. Methods: 1067 married female migrants were surveyed using structured questionnaire from Nov. 1996. Results: (1)Married female migrants were relatively young, most of whom were in vigorous fecundity; (2)lower-educated, 70. 9% of them had an education level of primary school or below; (3)96% of them came from villages,and most of (66%) to Shanghai for working; (4) lower economic status, 56% of them had family annual income between ￥5000 -￥10000; (5)with younger age at the first marriage(21. 4y) ; (6)the average ideal filial number was 1. 87,and sex preference to boys was obvious; (7)average filial number was 1. 58; (8)at the time of investigation, 87% married female migrants used to have contraceptive method and the contraceptive rate was much higher than that when they had come to Shanghai(52. 9%). The most frequently used method was IUD(53. 1%) ,then female sterilization(37. l%)and other methods counted for least than 10%. Conclusion:The results suggest that it is important to broaden the service,to strengthen the education and enforce the comprehensive management for migrants'family planning.