中国东部沿海地区猛禽迁徒规律研究

A STUDY ON THE RAPTOR MIGRATION HABITS IN THE EASTERN COAST OF CHINA

1985～1987年在猛禽迁徙中途主要停歇地的山东省青岛市浮山、长岛县大黑山岛和辽宁省大连市老铁山,利用环志、染色标记和观察等方法,对其主要种类迁徙规律的生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明:猛禽南迁途径环志研究区的时间为8月下旬至12月中旬。迁徙高峰在9月中旬至10月底。通过环志鸟回收分析表明,猛禽的越冬区域为长江中下游及其以南地带,并延伸到东南沿海。首次揭示了东北松嫩平原为途经老铁山地区部分苍鹰的繁殖区域。秋季途经老铁山地区,飞越渤海海峡向南迁飞的部分松雀鹰,春归线则可能沿渤海海湾内侧向东北繁殖区迁飞。

8 046 birds of prey were banded from 1985 to 1987 in Dalian City, Laotieshan District in Liaoning Province and Shangdong Province, which belonged to 2 orders, 3 families and 21 genera, of which 522 were Accipiter gcntilis, 1 828 A. virgatus, 2 404 A. nisus, 2 155 Otus scops and 583 Asia otus, which account for 6.48%, 22.19% , 22.19%, 29.87% and 7.24% of the total respectively.The south-migrating birds of prey began to be seen to pass through the research regions from late-August to mid-December. A. virgatus was the first one captured on Sept. 1 and Buteo laguous was the last one captured on Dec. 12. From late August to early September, the birds of prey, such as A. virgatus, A. nisus, A. solocnsis, Pernis pitilorkyncnus, Falco tinnunculus, F. subbuteo migrated in turn. From late September to early October, came Circus cyaneus, Buteo buteo, Asio otus etc. in series. From late November to early December, B. lagopus etc. followed. The migrating peak was from early September to mid-November. Based on the data and analysis of net trapped birds and banding, the migrating peak for A. nisus, A. virgatus, O. scops, A. otus etc. that passed through three bird banding sites was nearly the whole. They were Sept.10~Oct.15, Sept. 15-Oct.25, Sept. 15-Oct.15, Oct.10~Nov.5 respectively. 29 birds of prey were recovered during 1985~ 1987. The recover information from Hebei, Shangdong, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Liaoning and Heilongjiang Provinces showed that the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtse River and its vast southern part and the south-eastern coastal areas were the wintering regions for the birds of prey which migrated through Dalian, Laotieshan in Liaoning Province and Changdao, Qindao in Shangdong Province.