华山松抗寒性的地理变异

GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION OF COLD HARDINESS OF PINUS ARMANDI

本文报道了1980～1988年间26个产地的华山松实生苗和幼树的冻害情况。看到原产云贵高原亚热带山区的华山松,引种到暖温带气候区种植极不抗寒,基本不能越冬。云贵高原区域内各种源的抗寒性也有某种程度的差异,尤以西部(云南保山地区)最弱;东部和北部(云南北部、四川西南部和贵州西部)较强。因而不经试验,不宜把云贵高原华山松种子调入暖温带使用。

This paper deals with the results of a series provenance trials of Finns armandi at 11 locations. The overwintering characteristics of the seedlings at the age of 1-3 years in the nurseries and frost resistance of young trees in the field were investigated. It was found that virtually all seedlings of the 11 Yun-gui Plateau provenances had died in the northern portion of its range and heavy mortality and dieback of trees occurred during the 4-8 years in the field in the central portion of China. These data clearly indicated that cold hardiness of southern provenances was very weak. In contrast to these, no provenances come from the Daba-Qinling Mountains were lost from the frost. A strong relationship between latitude of seed origin and mortality as well as frost damage was found with correlation coefficient R = 0.794**.