农用运输车后桥壳体的结构强度分析

Structural Analysis of the Rear Axle Housing in a Farm Transport Vehicle

运用有限元分析和应力电测技术对某农用运输车驱动后桥壳体的结构强度和刚度进行了研究 ,分析了农用运输车在直线行驶、倒车制动以及转向时后桥壳体在相应载荷作用下的变形和应力分布状况 ,并分析了后桥壳体上牙包与半轴套管过渡处的圆弧半径对该区域应力的影响及夹持钢板弹簧的 U型螺栓的预紧力对桥壳局部结构强度的影响。结果表明 :在倒车制动时 ,后桥壳体上的应力数值最大 ;3种工况下桥壳上的高应力区均出现在过渡区域 ;加大过渡圆弧半径并不能普遍减小桥壳的应力 ,某些局部区域的应力还会有所增加。研究结果为桥壳结构设计提供了一定依据。

In this paper, the finite element method and the stress electrometry were applied in the study of the stiffness and strength of the rear axle housing of a certain farm transport vehicle, and an analysis of the distributions of the stress and the deformations of the rear axle housing under the actions of corresponding loads when the vehicle was moving in a straight line, swerving or braking while backwards was performed. The influence of the transition arc radius between rear-axle gear housing and rear-axle tube on the stress of the transition zone and that of the U-shaped bolt pre-tightening force upon the local structure strength of the housing were analyzed respectively. The results show that, of the above three cases, the stress in the rear-axle housing is the maximum when the vehicle is braking in backward, and that in all three cases the transition zone in the housing suffers the highest stress level. Increasing the transition arc radius can't decrease the stress in all parts of the rear-axle housing, in some area there is also a increase of the stress level because of the change of its local structure. The analytical findings provide some referential basis for the design of a rear axle housing structure.