播种方式对小麦生长发育及产量的影响

Effect of Different Planting Ways on Winter Wheat Growth and Development

选用大穗型陕 2 53和多穗型长武 1 1 2两个品种 ,进行地膜穴播、露地穴播和露地条播 ,结果表明 ,地膜穴播比对照露地条播的小麦生长发育显著加快 ,成穗率提高 1 2～ 2 2个百分点 ,成穗数增加 1 0 4～ 2 58万 /hm2 ,增产 1 350 .0～ 1 60 0 .5kg/hm2 ,增产幅度达 2 7.5%～ 35.2 % ,增收 90 6～ 1 2 93元 /hm2 ;露地穴播的小麦前期比对照生长慢 ,拔节后生长速度猛增 ,干物质积累量增加 1 .3～ 1 .4倍 ,成穗率提高 7～ 9个百分点 ,增产5.5%～ 1 5.1 % ,增收 34 6～ 84 2元 /hm2 。

In this experiment, two winter wheat varieties, the big spike type Shaanxi 253 and multi spike type Changwu 112, grew under the bunch planting with plastic film, bunch planting and drilling. The results showed that the growth and development of the winter wheat under the bunch planting with plastic film were faster than that under drilling. The numbers of spikes increased by 1.04～2.58 million/hm 2. The rate of spike bearing increased by 12～22 percentage points. The grain yield increased by 1 350.0 ～ 1 600.5 kg/hm 2 or 27.5～35.2 percent. The returns were raised by 906～ 1 293 yuan/hm 2. The growth of winter wheat under bunch planting was more slowly than that of drilling before elongation stage, then it was faster after elongation stage. Dry mater increased by 1.3～1.4 times. The rate of spike bearing increased by 7～9 percentage points. The grain yield increased by 5.5～15.1 percent. The returns were raised by 346～842 yuan/hm 2.