滇中三种人工林群落控制土壤侵蚀和改良土壤效应

Soil Erosion and Soil Improvement of Three Artificial Forest Communities in Middle Yunnan Province

通过对人工云南松群落、桉树—黑荆混交林群落、直干桉群落及无林地对照地表径流、土壤侵蚀的观测及林地土壤几个主要理化指标的分析表明 ,地带性植物种云南松形成的人工林群落及桉—黑荆混交林具有好的控制径流和土壤侵蚀的能力 ,对土壤理化性质的改善也有较明显的作用 ,值得在生产中推广。在此基础上 ,论述了不同人工林群落土壤理化性质的改善与土壤侵蚀的控制关系。

The effects of soil erosion control and soil improvement were researched through the observation of runoff and soil erosion, and through the analysis of some indexes of soil property in the plots of three kinds of artificial forest, Pinus yunnanesis community, Eucalyptus maidensii and mixed Acacia mearsii-Eucalyptus maidensii community and the non forest contrast from March 1,1998 to March 1,1999. The results indicated that mixed E. maidensii—A.mersii community, P.yunnanensis were able to efficiently control surface runoff and soil erosion and there were high percentages of Si/V, stable water aggregate, non capillary porosity in the soil of these two artificial forests. Meanwhile, less loss of main nutrient elements happened, which was in favor of the fertility better improved and more organic matter, available N ,P, K were accumulated in soil of mixed E.maidensii—A.mearsii community and P.yunnanensis community. To the contrary, both the soil erosion control and the improvement of soil were poor for the contrast and E.maidensii community. So, mixed E.maidensii—A.meamsu communities, P.yunnanensis community should be recommended for afforestation in the harness of soil and water erosion.