利用太谷核不育小麦进行轮回选择的改良效应

Improvement Effect of Recurrent Selection on Wheat by Using Taigu Single Dominant Male Sterile Gene

由14个亲本的太谷核不育小麦不育株等量混合组成基础群体B_1,对其6个性状进行混合选择和单性状集团选择;由4个亲本的太谷核不育小麦不育株等量混合组成基础群体B_2,进行回交混合选择.结果表明,无论采取哪种方案,对单株籽粒蛋白质产量、穗粒数、百粒重和单株产量均具有较高的选择效率,三轮平均在5%以上.从单个性状的遗传进度看,集团选择效果最大;对群体的改良,以混合选择最优,其次是回交混合选择,二者均有利于群体方差的增大,而集团选择不利于群体方差的增大.就选择阶段而言,集团选择、混合选择和回交混合选择分别在第一、二、三轮选择效果最高.本文还对小麦轮回选择方法应用提出了新的看法.

Mass selection (MS) and single character bulk selection (CS) were used for improvement of six characters of base population B1 which was composed of the sterile plant of fourteen parents transferred by Taigu sterile wheat. Base population B2 which was composed of four parents above was conducted only with backcross mass selection (BS) . The results showed that no matter which selective method was used, there were greater selected effect for grain protein yield/plant, kernel number/spike, 100-kernel weight and grain yield/ plant, all of them were above 5 percent. For the improvement of single character, there was the greatest selected effect with CS, but for the improvement of population, MS was the best, and it was favourable to the greater of population variance, CS was not. For the selected phase, it was selected with the greatest selective effects in the first, second and third cycle for CS, MS and BS respectively. In the paper the use of recurrent selection method for wheat was analyzed by using Taigu single dominant male sterile gene.