咸潮入侵对上海市水质影响研究

The Research of the Impact of the Intrusion of Salty Tide on Shanghai s Water Quality

本市地表水资源593.5亿立方米,其中长江径流量占80%故长江径流量是发展上海经济和对外开放的主要限制因素,但近年来长江径流量逐年减少,导致咸潮入侵增强,给国民经济建设和人民身体健康带来威胁.本文分析长江口区咸潮入侵途径和咸潮入侵的变化规律,进而探讨咸潮入侵对上海水资源产生的可能影响,最后提出减轻减潮入侵,改善水质的设想.

The average total of Shanghai's water resources is 61.62 billion cubic metres, among which the surface water is 59.36 billion cubic metres.In the components of the surface water, the runoff quantity of the rainfall locally accounts for 3.1%, the quantity of the water coming from Taihu accounts for 16.9%, and that coming from the Yangtze River is 80%.Therefore, the water from the Yangtze River is the major constraint to Shanghai's economic development.However, recently there is a trend of decreasing the quantity from the Yangtze River gradually, causing the strengthen of the intrusion of salty tide.This will threaten both the economic construction and people's health.This paper analyses the way of the intrusion in the river mouth area and its changing law.It further discusses the possible impact of the in trusion on Shanghai's water resources.Finally, it puts forward some tentative ideas of reducing the intrusion and improving the water quality.