观看视屏终端与青少年近视的关系---598例病例对照研究

Study on Relation Between Watching Visual or Video Display Terminal and Adolescent Myopia --598 Cases Control Study

目的:研究观看视屏终端(Visual or Video display terminal VDT)与青少年近视的关系。方法:参加研究者来自同一中学12岁～14岁学生,设置对照组:295名非近视者,近视组:303名近视者;近视眼组用1％阿托品点眼根据调(?)麻痹后屈光的不同变化确定假性近视组74名,混合性近视组79名,<-6D真性近视组150名。问卷调查观看VDT情况并进行病例对照研究,用Spss+/PC软件进行分析。结果:经常观看VDT率3个近视组均比对照组要高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.6);屏幕大小亦可能是有意义的因素(0.05<P<0.1);每日平均看电视时间(ATPD)、经常看电视年限(YOWT)二因素,其平均值近视组较对照组要大,而看电视距离(DWT)则近视组较对照组小(t检验P<0.05);本文设计VDT指数=ATPD×YOWT/DWT。在3个近视组中VDT指数与其相应相对危险度OR值之间存在剂量效应关系。结论:观看VDT与上述3种近视之间有关系。

Objective: To study relation between watching visual or video display terminal (VDT) and adolescent myopia. Methods: We devised 295 non-myopia students as control group and 303 myopia in myopia group and applied 1% atropine drops to myopia group, then determined pseudo-myopia 74 cases, mixed-myopia 79 cases, and <-6D true-myopia 150 cases according to different refractive changes before and after cycloplegia. All participants came from same middle school aged 12-14. A questionnaire survey was performed to learn of watching VDT and case control study was taken. We analyzed results with spss+/pc software. Results: The rate of watching VDT frequently in myopia group was significant higher man control group (p<0.05), and size of screen was one kind of possible significant factors (0.05<p>0.1). In compare with the control, mean value of Average Time of watching - TV Per Day (ATPD) and Years of frequently Watching TV (YOWT) was significant higher, but Distant of Watching TV (DWT) was significant lower (t-test P<0.05). A VDT Index was designed, VDT Index =ATPD x YOWT/DWT. A dose-effect relationship existed between VDT Index and its responsible odd ratio (OR). Conclusion: Watching VDT is associate with myopia in adolescents.