秦岭火地塘林区不同林分水源涵养效能的研究

Water-source Conservation and Regulating Efficacy of DifferentForests at Huoditang Forest Region in the Qinling Mountains

采用直接测定法对秦岭火地塘林区２种针叶林分和３种阔叶林分的水源涵养和理水效能进行了研究，结果表明：不同林分类型间水源涵养和理水效能具有明显差异，阔叶林比针叶林能显著地增加土壤水分收入，减少水分消耗；推迟径流时间，延长径流过程，削减洪峰流量；在降水较少时期增加河流水量，促使雨水均匀进入河流的作用更加突出，显示了较强的水源涵养和理水作用。

By means of the direct measuring method , water-soure conservation and regulating effica-cy of 2 coniferous and 3 hardwood stands were investigated at Huoditang forest region in the QinlingMountains. The results were as follows: there were obvious diversties in water-source conservationand regulating efficacy between hardwood and coniferous stands; the effect of increasing input of soilwatar, decreasing water consuniption, putting off emergence flow time and prolonging flow courseand reducing flood peak was more clear in the in hardwood stands than that in the coniferous ones. Dur-ing dry season, increasing water capacity into river of the hardwood stands was more distinct thanthat of coniferious stands. This showed that the hardwood stands had stronger function of water-source coimation and regulating efficacy.