贵州龙宫水系坡立谷湖群水文地貌结构与功能特征

HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGIC STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF KARST LAKES IN LONGGONG REGION, GUIZHOU

龙宫是贵州著名的喀斯特风景点。该区在第四纪构造运动中由于地貌回春,形态逆向发育,水系频繁变迁。喀斯特地块渗漏导致地表流集中转入地下,从而使流水谷地首先盲谷化并逐步形成洼地。在这个过程中,流域地貌复杂响应基面变化,发育了龙宫坡立谷。这些坡立谷的形成与流域形态演化相联系而不同于I.Gams对划分的类型。它们在水系结构中与地下管道相串联,每逢雨季,将大量上游汇水滞蓄盆内,形成季节性喀斯特湖,对下游起到良好的天然调节作用。

Longgong is a famous scenic spot in the karst region of Guizhou Province. The landscape and rivers were rejuvenated in Longgong region by the tectonic movement in Quaternary Period, which arranged series of morphology in the catchment that consisted of fluvial valleys, blind valleys, poljes and depressions in turn from the divide to the base. Such poljes aredominated by two processes --the fluvial one from upper course which keeps the poljespossessing the form of the valley, and the karst one from downstream which made the poljes change into depressions or seasonal lakes because their drainage systems are still not fitted to the modification of the catchment. In the case the poljes perform a natural function of hydrologic adjustment.