腹主动脉瘤破裂外科治疗的价值和预后判断

Value and prognosis judgement of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery

目的 探讨腹主动脉瘤破裂外科治疗的价值和预后。方法 分析我院自 1979年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 5月经外科手术治疗的腹主动脉瘤破裂 19例 ,通过术前高危因素、合并疾病、术前状况和血液生化检查以及多器官系统功能衰竭评分 (MODScore) ,对腹主动脉瘤破裂外科治疗的价值和预后进行判断。结果 术后存活 10例 ,手术死亡率 47.4%。术前冠心病和心肌缺血、心肌梗死二项指标 ,在存活组与死亡组间比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。在术前血红蛋白、红细胞数、血肌酐、血尿素氮 ,严重低血压 ,呼吸衰竭和昏迷等指标上二组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。术后 48hMOD评分在 5分者全部死亡 ,4分以下的病例随着评分减少而死亡率降低。≤ 1分者全部存活。结论 腹主动脉瘤破裂的外科手术治疗是挽救患者生命的唯一选择。术后死亡主要与出血性休克所致多器官功能损害和衰竭有关。术后 48hMOD评分 4分以上的病例死亡率极高 ,继续治疗的价值值得商讨。

Objective To investigate the value and prognosis of ruptured abdominal aoritc aneurysm (RAAA) surgery.Methods Nineteen cases of RAAA undergoing surgical treatment in our hospital from June 1979 to May 2000 were studied. The value and prognosis of RAAA sugery were judged by preoperative risk factors, complicated diseases, general conditions, blood biochemistry examination and multiorgan disfunction(MOD)score.Results Ten cases survived postoperatively with operative mortality of 47.4% . Significant differences between the surviving and deceased patients were found only with regard to pre existing coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction ( P < 0.05 ). There were significant differences between two groups in peroperative hemoglobin, RBC count, blood urea and creatinine, severe hypotension, respiratory failure, and coma( P < 0.05 ). All patients with a postoperative 48 h MOD score equal to 5 died. The mortality of the patients with a MOD score 4 lowered down following the score decreasing, and all patients with the score 1 survived. Conclusions Surgery treatment of RAAA was the unique selection of saving these patients. Postoperative death was mainly related with multi organ disfunction resulted from hemorragic shock. The mortality of the patients with a postoperative 48 h MOD score over 4 was so high that the value of continuous treatment should be considered.