从几个铅作业小厂的调查看乡镇企业的劳动卫生问题

An overview on the occupational health problem in rural industries from a survey of three small lead production plants

对西安地区3个铅作业小厂进行了流行病学调查。发现其劳动条件均很差。车间内铅烟浓度普遍超标十几倍到几十倍,工人铅吸收与铅中毒总检出率高达53.1%。周围环境亦受到污染,污染区居民已受到铅的危害。建议重视乡镇企业的劳动卫生,制订有关法规,加强监督与管理。对铅中毒的筛检指标进行了对比与讨论,认为ZPP可作为现场筛检的首选指标。

An epidemiological study has been made in three lead exposed small plants, as well as their surroundings, and residents of the polluted area(polluted group). The work conditions were poor, the frequency of lead poisoning among the workers in the three plants was very high, the mean incidence of lead intoxication including 'lead absorption' was 53.1%. The surroundings within the extent 200 m of diameter around the plants were highly polluted. The main symptoms, signs and laboratory findings appeared to have significant difference between the polluted group and the control group. It suggested that certain adverse effects due to lead to the health had happened in the polluted group. It also indicated that, during the rural industries developing, great attention should be paid to their industrial hygiene.After the comparisons among the indices being used in the survey. It was recommended that the ZPP determination method would be the screening test of choice