新型吸入麻醉剂-七氟醚的研究进展II.兽医药效学

Research Advance of the New Inhalation Anesthetic-Sevoflurane Ⅱ. Veterinary Pharmacodynamics

新型吸入麻醉剂七氟醚在犬、猫、马、鼠的 MAC分别为 2 .1 0～ 2 .36 ,2 .5 8,2 .31 ,2 .40～ 2 .5 0 Vol%。像异氟醚那样 ,七氟醚可降低脑血管阻力、脑代谢率、脑耗氧量、心肌收缩功能和血压。七氟醚可引起猫惊厥。虽然猪的心跳在七氟醚麻醉下维持稳定 ,但研究表明犬的心率则升高。七氟醚麻醉下引起心律失常的肾上腺素剂量与异氟醚相似 ,但大大高于氟烷或安氟醚。七氟醚对呼吸道的刺激性明显低于其他吸入麻醉剂。尚未见其肝肾毒性。

The MAC of new inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane in dog, cat, horse, rat was 2.10 ~2.36, 2.58, 2.31, 2.40~2.50 Vol% respectively. Like isoflurane, sevoflurane reduced cerebrovascular resistance, cerebral metabolic rate, cerebral O 2 consumption, myocardial contractility and blood pressure. Seizure could be induced during sevoflurane anesthesia in cats. Despite the stable heart rates in swine receiving sevoflurane, several studies in dogs indicated the sevoflurane was associated with increases in heart rate. The epinephrine dose causing arrhythmias with sevoflurane was comparable to that with isoflurane, but larger than that with halothane or enflurane. Sevoflurane caused less airway irritation than other inhaled anesthetics. No hepato and nephrotoxicity was observed. Sevoflurane take a step forward in the direction of optimal inhalation anesthetics.