计算溢流坝下游收缩断面水深的方法

A Method for Computing the Water Depth of Contraction Section Downstream Overflow Dam

溢流坝下游收缩断面水深 hc 的计算对水工消能设计十分重要． 目前常用的方法有试算法、图解法和迭代法，这些方法计算精度不高，人工计算量大或要求较高的计算数学的理论知识等，不便于在生产实际中推广应用． 为此，把 hc 的计算问题归结为非线性优化问题，用作者研制的加速遗传算法 （AGA） 来处理． 应用 AGA 方法的实例计算结果说明 AGA 比常用方法简便 计算精度高且具有通用性．

 To compute the water depth of contraction section downstream overflow dam is very important for hydraulic design of stilling basins and energy dissipators． The shortcomings of traditional computing methods such as trial and error method， graphic method or iteration method are low precision， large artificial computation， or demanding advanced mathematical knowledge． For this reason，in this paper，it is pointed out that the problem of computing the water depth is essentially a nonlinear optimal problem， which can be resolved with the accelerating genetic algorithm（AGA）developed by the authors． The result of the application example shows that AGA is much more convenient， high precision， and general than each of traditional methods．