我国水电站大坝事故分析与安全对策

Accident Analysis of Hydropower Dams in China and Countermeasures for Safety

对水电站大坝事故的反馈分析表明 ,大多数事故与设计阶段的失误、施工过程遗留下的隐患、运行管理中的差错等因素有关 .应强化设计、施工、运行全过程的风险意识和安全管理 .对运行中的大坝要坚持实施定期检查 ,及时维修加固和改造 ,认真进行安全注册 ,严密制定汛期和低水位时的防范措施 ,加大科研力度和开展险情预计 ,以防止重大事故的突然发生 .

The feedback analysis on the accidents of hydropower dams shows that most of the accidents are related to the faults in design, the hidden perils from construction and the errors in operation management. Therefore, the risk awareness and safety management should be strengthened during the whole process of design, construction and operation. During operation, dams should be examined periodically, repaired and reinforced on time, meanwhile safety registration, the preventive measures for flood season and low reservoir levels, scientific research and emergency prediction are also necessary to prevent major accidents.