防洪整治工程对白鱀豚和江豚的影响分析

IMPACTS ON BAIJI AND FINLESS PORPOISE BY SOME PROJECTS OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING FLOOD IN THEYANGTZE RIVER,WITH CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

自 1998年大洪水后 ,为了保障人民生命财产的安全 ,水利部门正在规划一系列长江中下游防洪整治工程。根据工程规划方案 ,结合白豚和江豚种群目前的现状 ,综合分析了部分规划中的防洪工程对白豚和江豚的影响。主要包括两个方面 ,一是施工期间的影响 ,二是工程结束后对环境的改变而带来的影响。经分析认为 ,有些工程 ,如洲湾裁弯取直工程、鄱阳湖建闸控制工程将对白豚和江豚产生巨大不利影响 ,建议在近期内不考虑实施。另一些工程如在施工期间和完工后采取积极、有效的保护措施 ,从白豚和江豚保护的角度分析是可行的。

To protect the safety of people's life and properties, some water conservancy departments have proposed a series of flood preventing and controlling projects along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River since the flood in 1998. According to the layouts of projects and the population status of the baiji, \$Lipotes vexillifer,\$ and the Yangtze finless porpoise,\$ Neophocaena phocaenoides\$, in the Yangtze River, comprehensive impacts on the baiji and the porpoise by part of the proposed projects are analyzed in this paper. There are mainly two kinds of impacts, which are impacts during the period of construction, and impacts by environment and habitat changes caused by the projects. Based on the analyzing, it is believed that some of the proposed projects, such as the project of cutting off Paizhouwan Oxbow and the project of setting up water gate at the mouth of Lake Poyang, will cause huge influence on the baiji and the porpoise.And,these kinds of proposed projects should not be taken into consideration. As for other proposed projects, from the point of conservation of the baiji and the Yangtze finless porpoise, it is acceptable and feasible if some active and proper conservation strategies are taken during their construction period as well as after completion the projects.