上海苏州河大型底栖动物的研究

A study on macro-invertebrate of the Suzhou River, Shanghai

苏州河白鹤至浙江路段6个采样断面大型底栖动物隶属于环节动物门-Annelida-、软体动物门-Mollusca-及节肢动物门-Arthropoda-.其中寡毛纲-Oligochaeta-4种、蛭纲-Hirudinea-2种、腹足纲-Gastropoda-5种、双壳纲-Bivalvia-2种及昆虫纲摇蚊科幼虫-Chironomidae-与潜蝇蛹-Agromyzigae--未定种-.随着底质污染的加重,群落结构趋于简化.种类少、高度耐污是存活大型底栖动物的显著特点.从白鹤至华槽断面,高度耐污的霍甫水丝蚓-Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri-数量趋于增加,并在华槽断面形成明显数量高峰;北新泾、武宁路河段底质污染严重,环节动物、软体动物消失;浙江路断面受黄浦江“逆流”影响,寡毛纲动物再度出现,并形成一定数量.

Macro-invertebrate from Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda were found in six sections from Baihe to Zhejiang road in the Suzhou River, among which four species were from Oligochaeta, two species from Hirudinea, five species from Gastropoda, two species from Bivalvia and several species from Insecta (unidentified). The community structure of macro-invertebrates became simple with the sediment pollution getting heavier. Limited species with high pollution resistibility were the characteristics of the species survival. The amounts of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri with high pollution resistibility increased gradually from Baihe to Huacao section, and reached a peak in Huacao section; species, from Annelida, Mollusca were not found in Beixinjing and Wuninglu sections due to heavy sediment pollution; species from Oligochaeta were found again and had certain numbers in Zhejiang road section as the result of the effect of courterflow of the Huangpu River.