抛秧水稻生长发育与产量形成的生态生理机制 Ⅰ.活棵立苗及其生态生理特点

The Eco-physiological Mechanism of Growth, Development and Yield Formation of Broadcasted Rice Seedlings Ⅰ. Standing and Establishment of Rice Seedlings and Its Eco physiological Characteristics

针对抛秧稻特有的秧苗直立过程 ,以洗根手插为对照 ,研究了抛秧稻活棵立苗及其生理生态特点。结果表明 ,抛秧稻带土秧苗抛后 ,平躺小苗、中苗、大苗一般分别在 2～ 5、 5～ 6、 7～ 10天内直立。在活棵立苗期间 ,抛秧稻苗体内水分、养分及光合等状况明显优于同质洗根手插苗。根、叶、蘖等生长在数量、质量上也优于同质洗根手插苗。抛秧稻缓苗恢复的先后顺序为发根、出叶速度加快 ,体内养分含有率及干物重的递增。秧苗素质、苗龄、带土状况、苗姿以及水。

Standing and establishment is a special procedure through which the rice seedlings establish themselves on the paddy field on which they were thrown or broadcasted. The eco physiological characteristics of broadcasted rice seedlings during this procedure were studied in contrast with the manually transplanted seedlings which the root systems were washed before transplantation. The results indicated that, after the seedlings(with soil on their root systems)were broadcasted over the paddy field, the small, medium and large seedlings became erect within 2～5, 5～6 and 7～10 days respectively. During the standing and establishment stage, the water content, nutrient and photosynthetic status of the broadcasted seedlings were obviously better than those of the manually transplanted seedlings. The growth of the root, leaf, and tiller were also superior, both in quantity and in quality. The steps of the revival of the broadcasted seedlings were: growth of new root,increased speed of leaf emergence and increase of nutrient content and dry weight. Other factors influenceing the standing and procedure include quality and age of seedlings with or without soil on the root system, posture of the seedlings, and water and temperature conditions.