淄博孝妇河源区地下水资源的开发利用研究

Study on Exploitation of Groundwater at Headstream Area of Xiaofu River

在分析淄博市孝妇河流域源头的南神头—窑广地下水富水区水文地质条件的基础上 ,应用数值模拟方法建立了该区的地下水流模型 ,并根据当地的水资源需求建立了地下水动态预测模型 ,研究了可能通过该区出流边界补给下游地区地下水的侧向排泄量。应用系统工程学和运筹学理论 ,以“开采费用最小”为目标函数 ,以研究区的需水量及开采井的供水能力作为约束条件 ,建立了该区的地下水最优控制模型。通过优化地下水开采布局对出流边界的流量进行了研究 ,既为富水区的地下水资源利用确定开采方案 ,又科学地评价了富水区北部边界对下游地区的地下水侧向补给量。

Groundwater control and recharge to the downstream in Nanshentou-Yaoguang area is studied systematically by using numerical simulation and optimal control modeling. Nanshentou-Yaoguang area is located at the headstream valley of Xiaofu River in Zibo city, Shandong province, which provides the groundwater resource to the whole valley. Shentou-Xihe fault is selected as the north boundary. The west boundary is Yuwangshan fault. The east and south bondaries are both water divide between Xiaofu River and Zi River. The groundwater of the area comes mainly from precipitation and partly from the supply of west mountainous area. There are 36 wells discharging from the Ordovician fracture-karst aquifer. According to the hydrogeological characteristics of its top aquifer, fracture-karst aquifer is therefore considered as objective aquifer. The frequent tectonic movements in geological history make the aquifer heterogeneous and anistropic. Because of the difference in hydrogeological conditions, precipitation and discharge, the confined aquifer and the phreatic aquifer appears alternatively.According to dynamic characteristics of groundwater of the area, the Ordovician fracture-karst aquifer system can be described as a two-dimensional numerical model. The wells, rainfall, spring, river recharge and boundary supply are all included. There are 9 hydrogeological parameter zones and 8 precipitation zones. The ground water flow is simulated successfully in this model. Then a forecast model is set up to meet the requirement of local development. Thus, recharge to the downstream is calculated using the finite element method. With the operational research and system technology theory, an optimal control model is built up. The objective is to minimize pumping costs over entire planning area. The model is subjected to the planned well's capacities and water demands. The recharge to the downstream is studied more scientifically by programming the wells' discharging. Compared to the non-programming recharge, the recharge to downstream increases by 6,900 m 3 per day, while the cone of depression becomes smaller. It is beneficial to the ecological balance and the environment conservation.