液体的粘度与内压

Viscosity and Internal Pressure for Liquids

本文以液体粘性流动的Eyring模型为基础,由热力学方法建立了一个液体粘度与内压间的关系式式中v,是活化分子落入空穴的频率;α是一个与液体中形成空穴时所吸收的热与所需能量之比有关的参数.两者都是液体的特性常数. 在引入了某些近似式后,由这个关系式能够推导出Eyring粘度公式,与其不同的是推导中假定了空穴的大小等于一个分子所占液体的体积.本文还讨论了液体粘性流动的机理和活化能.

Based on Eyring's model of viscous flow, a relation between viscosity and internal pressure for liquids is established by thermodynamio methodwhere v is frequency with which activated molecule falls in the hole; α is a parameter related to the ratio of heat absorbed to energy required for forming a hole in liquids. Both are characteristic constants of liquids.The Eyring's viscosity formula oan be derived from this relation by introducing some approximante. But it is necessary to assume the size of hole just equals the volume occupied by a molecule, rather than one-third the volume of a molecule as considered by Eyring and his collaborators. The mechanism and activated energy for viscous flow of liquids are discussed in accordance with this result.