影响黄河源区迳流变化的因素分析

黄河源区生态环境退化 ,造成上游来水量逐年减少。黄河源区生态体系的脆弱性及高寒环境对气侯变化异常敏感。近几十年来 ,源区气温呈明显上升趋势 ,当年平均气温升高 1℃时 ,年蒸发量增加 87 6mm ,增加幅度为 5 2 % ;地表产水量减小 19 2 5× 10 8m3,减小幅度为 12 1%。黄河源区迳流量减小主要是自然因素的变化所致 ,但人为的破坏也起到了推波助澜的作用。

In the source area of Yellow River, deterioration of the environment has been causing the yearly decreasing of water volume from the upper reaches. The vulnerable environment is very sensitive to the climate change. In the past decades, there was a noticeable increasing tendency of the air temperature. The study indicates that the evaporation will increase 87\^6mm (increasing percentage is 5\^2) and the surface runoff will decrease 19\^25×10\+8m\+3 (decreasing percentage is 12\^1) respectively when there is 1℃ increase of the average air temperature. The decreasing the runoff in the source area of Yellow River has been mainly caused by the natural factors, at the same time, the impacts of human activities play an important role.