矿区泥浆泵复垦土壤物理特性的时空演化规律

LAW OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL RECLAIMED BY HYDRAULIC DREDGE PUMP IN MINING AREA

以徐州矿区为例，对不同时期不同层次泥浆泵复垦土壤进行了监测和分析，揭示了泥浆泵复垦土壤物理特性的时空演化规律。结果表明：与正常农田相比，泥浆泵复垦土壤质地表层偏粘性，底层偏砂性；土壤容重表层偏高，底层偏低；土壤团粒结构含量偏低。随着复垦后时间的推移，泥浆泵复垦土壤不断熟化，表现为土壤容重表层不断降低和底层不断增加，以及土壤团粒结构不断增加的演化特征，后者则以０．５－３ｍｍ团粒结构的形成速度较快。至复垦后第１３年泥浆泵复垦土壤容重和团粒结构基本接近正常农田的水平。

This paper is to study the law of temporal and spatial evolution of the physical properties of soils reclaimed by hydraulic dredge pump in mining area. Taking Xuzhou mining area for example, soils of various times and depths of the reclaimed land by hydraulic dredge pump were studied. Results showed that in comparison with normal farmland soil, the soil texture tended to be clayey in the topsoil and sandy in the subsoil. The soil bulk density tended to be higher in the topsoil and lower in the subsoil. Meanwhile, the content of soil water-stable granular structure tended to be lower. As time went on, the reclaimed soil showed a decreasing trend in soil bulk density in the topsoil and an increaseing one in the subsoil whereas the content of water-stable granular structure increased. In the latter the 0.5-3 mm granular structure formed quicker. After 13 years of cultivation on the reclaimed land the soil bulk density and granular structure would have reached basically that of the normal farmland soil.